Author: G. Parthasarathy
Publication: The Indian Express
Date: December 20, 2003
Musharraf has tried to run with
the hare and hunt with the hounds. In the process, he had earned the enmity
of the Taliban and the distrust of the Americans
The last vehicle of General Musharraf
s convoy had barely crossed the Ammar Chowk Bridge in Rawalpindi on December
14, when five bombs placed under the bridge detonated simultaneously. General
Musharraf was returning to his residence from the Islamabad airport after
a visit to Karachi. Pakistan's Interior Minister Faisal Saleh Hayat asserted
that "most expert people" must have planted the bombs, as "this type of
device was never used" in the past He added "Recent developments in the
region and peace moves with India could be an eyesore to certain elements."
Observers on the scene noted that
the explosions were so powerful that they created an eight feet wide crater.
Speaking on Pakistan television just after the bomb explosions. General
Musharraf said: "The bomb exploded only seconds after we crossed the Ammar
Chawk bridge. It was certainly a terrorist attack and I was targeted. But
I am used to it" He added "I faced such attacks before and I believe in
God. who gives or takes life."
Investigations into who was responsible
for the bomb blasts are now on in full swing. Pakistani security agencies
daim the jamming devices in me presidential cavalcade effectively prevented
the bombs from detonating as the cavalcade sped over the bridge. Accusations
are flying that the perpetrators are from one of the banned jihadi groups
operating across the LoC in Jammu and Kashmir and the Taliban-AJ Qaeda
combine. But it is evident that the Pakistanis are telling their American
and other patrons that the needle of suspicion points towards bin Laden's
trusted deputy, Ayman al Zawahiri, who had earlier called on the Pakistan
army to revolt against General Musharraf for his role in "betraying" his
Muslim brethren in the Taliban and Al-Qaeda, to the American "infidels".
This is a particularly interesting
turn of events, because Musharraf himself had used the actions of Prophet
Mohammed to justify his decision to back America against the Taliban. In
a televised broadcast on September 19,2001, Musharraf justified his decision
to support the Americans in their 'War against Terrorism' in Afghanistan
by claiming that his decision was similar to the Prophet Mohammed's temporary
alliance with the Jews, when the Prophet signed the Treaty of Hud-abiya.
Musharraf told his countrymen the Prophet made this tactical decision to
side with the Jews, so that he could take on other infidels. He added that
the Prophet later on withdrew from the treaty with the Jews and defeated
them. What Musharraf did not then seem to understand was that when a smaller
country enters into an unequal alliance for temporary gain, it is not easy
to dump the stronger party, especially if the latter is a global superpower.
Musharraf has tried to tun with the hare and hunt with the hounds. He has
extended some cooperation to the Americans, while permitting the Taliban,
the Al-Qaeda and their jihadi allies in Pakistan, use of Pakistani territory,
for shelter and assistance. In the process, he has earned the enmity of
uk Taliban and their supporters, who are now obviously gunning for him
on the one hand, and the distrust of the Americans and the international
community, on the other.
The bomb explosions on the bridge
were not the first attempt on Musharraf s life. Barely two months ago,
three Islamic militants of the Alami faction of the Harkat ul Mujahideen
were sentenced to long prison terms for attempting to assassinate Musharraf
last year. Well informed analysts have spoken of six or seven previous
attempts. What is. however, intriguing about the recent attempt is the
location of the bridge where the bomb blasts took place. The bridge is
located barely a few hundred yards away from the Joint Staff Headquarters
of the Pakistan armed forces. It is also dose to the headquarters of the
army's 10 Corps-a crucial military formation that not only stages coups
against democratically elected governments, but also controls the operations
of jihadi groups operating in J&K. Musharraf s residence is barely
a few kilometers away. It would surprise no one if we later learn that
Islamist elements in the armed forces were involved.
Attempts on the lives of Pakistan's
rulers by disgruntled members of the armed forces are nothing new. There
are strong reasons to believe the airplane crash in which General Zia ul
Haq died was engineered by disgruntled Shia elements within the army. There
had been manifestations of Shia discontent within the armed forces even
earlier, during General Zia's rule. Then there was the case of Major General
Zaheer ul Hassan Abbasi getting caught while attempting the armed overthrow
of the government of Be-nazir Bhutto. Following his decision to play ball
with the Americans after the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington.
General Musharraf had to supersede and obtain the resignations of two senior
It generals - Muzzafar Usmani and Mehmood Ahmed - both of whom were his
crucial allies when he overthrew Nawaz Sharif, The Americans regarded Mehmood
and Usmani as religious extremists. Musharraf s present heir apparent within
the army. General Mohamad Yusuf Khan is a person with whom the Americans
appear to feel quite comfortable.
The Rawalpindi bomb blasts indicate
that there are growing differences within the Pakistan army establishment
over the policies to be adopted towards the Tatiban and the Al-Qaeda on
the one hand, and the jihadi groups like the Harkat ul Mu-jahkleen and
the Jaish e Mohammed that have acted directly against US interests and
targeted its nationals, on the other.
It is significant that while Musharraf
has acted to ban these groups after they assumed new names, he has not
banned the Lashkar e Taiba (now calling itself Markaz ud Da-wa) that remains
the most formidable terrorist group operating in J&K. Ever since the
Americans encouraged and helped the ISI to use militant and Wahhabi Islam
as a potent weapon to force the Soviet Union out of Afghanistan, a strong
element in the Pakistan army believes in the efficacy of using militant
Islam to attain geo-political objectives. Given American imperatives, Musharraf
can no longer fully oblige them. These elements now wish to remove Musharraf
from power. Pakistan is headed for a period of continuing internal turmoil
and political uncertainty. Prime Minister Vajpayee will do well to remember
this as he packs his bags for the SAARC summit in Islamabad.
